Chen Mingshu - Revision history

Lajos: /* Writings */

2026-08-05T02:26:54Z

Writings

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	* (1948.07). 〈佛學十講自序〉 [Author's Preface to Ten Lectures on Buddhism]. 《覺有情》. {{annotation\|Preface to a lecture series delivered in May 1948 at National Guizhou University at the request of the Marxist-trained historian Hu Ziying; states Chen had studied Buddhism for 36 years. 〈禪宗〉, above, is Chapter 8 of this same book, serialized the previous month.}}		* (1948.07). 〈佛學十講自序〉 [Author's Preface to Ten Lectures on Buddhism]. 《覺有情》. {{annotation\|Preface to a lecture series delivered in May 1948 at National Guizhou University at the request of the Marxist-trained historian Hu Ziying; states Chen had studied Buddhism for 36 years. 〈禪宗〉, above, is Chapter 8 of this same book, serialized the previous month.}}
	* (1949.01). 〈我的佛法觀〉 [My View of the Buddhadharma]. 《弘化月刊》.		* (1949.01). 〈我的佛法觀〉 [My View of the Buddhadharma]. 《弘化月刊》.
	* (1949.08). ~~〈陳銘樞先生致毛主席論佛法書〉~~ [Mr. Chen Mingshu's Letter to Chairman Mao on the Buddhadharma]. 《覺訊月刊》 3(8): 2–3. {{annotation\|Ten numbered theses arguing Buddhism and dialectical materialism are compatible; see "Ideas" section.}}		* (1949.08). 〈'''[[CM49MFS\|陳銘樞先生致毛主席論佛法書]]'''〉 ['''[[CM49MFS-T\|Mr. Chen Mingshu's Letter to Chairman Mao on the Buddhadharma]]''']. 《覺訊月刊》 3(8): 2–3. {{annotation\|Ten numbered theses arguing Buddhism and dialectical materialism are compatible; see "Ideas" section.}}
	* (1950.08.31). 〈現代佛學社緣起〉 [Origins of the Modern Buddhist Society]. 《覺有情》 11.8: 23. {{annotation\|Founding manifesto of the publishing house behind 《現代佛學》, directly corroborating Xue Yu's (2009) institutional account. The sixteen listed founders are 巨贊, 李濟深, 陳銘樞, 趙樸初, 喜饒嘉措, 謝無量, 林志鈞, 葉恭綽, 張釛, 李一平, 方子藩, 周楓, 廣法, 李明揚, 沙彥濤, and 陳蓮生 — independently confirming Juzan's (巨贊) co-founding role, per Xue Yu (2009).}}		* (1950.08.31). 〈現代佛學社緣起〉 [Origins of the Modern Buddhist Society]. 《覺有情》 11.8: 23. {{annotation\|Founding manifesto of the publishing house behind 《現代佛學》, directly corroborating Xue Yu's (2009) institutional account. The sixteen listed founders are 巨贊, 李濟深, 陳銘樞, 趙樸初, 喜饒嘉措, 謝無量, 林志鈞, 葉恭綽, 張釛, 李一平, 方子藩, 周楓, 廣法, 李明揚, 沙彥濤, and 陳蓮生 — independently confirming Juzan's (巨贊) co-founding role, per Xue Yu (2009).}}
	* (1950.12). 〈佛學的新義自序〉 [Preface to the New Meaning of Buddhist Studies]. 《弘化月刊》.		* (1950.12). 〈佛學的新義自序〉 [Preface to the New Meaning of Buddhist Studies]. 《弘化月刊》.

Lajos: /* How to Cite This Article */

2026-07-27T11:15:51Z

How to Cite This Article

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	<!-- AUTHORSHIP CHANGE LOG		<!-- AUTHORSHIP CHANGE LOG
	First version, 24 July 2026. Main: Brons, Lajos. Other: (none).-->		First version, 24 July 2026. Main: Brons, Lajos. Other: (none).-->
	Brons, Lajos (~~2026~~). "Chen Mingshu". ''The Radical Buddhism Project''. Version of ~~24 July 2026~~. <nowiki>http://radicalbuddhism.net/wiki/Chen_Mingshu</nowiki>.		Brons, Lajos ({{REVISIONYEAR}}). "Chen Mingshu". ''The Radical Buddhism Project''. Version of {{#time: j F Y \| {{REVISIONYEAR}}-{{REVISIONMONTH}}-{{REVISIONDAY}} }}. <nowiki>http://radicalbuddhism.net/wiki/Chen_Mingshu</nowiki>.

	== Notes ==		== Notes ==

Lajos at 23:09, 26 July 2026

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	{{Provisional Entry}}		{{Provisional Entry}}
	Chen Mingshu (陳銘樞/陈铭枢, courtesy name Zhenru 真如; 1889–1965) was a senior Nationalist general, provincial governor, and cabinet minister who became one of the most systematic of the twentieth-century Chinese Buddhist-Marxist synthesizers. A veteran of the 1911 Revolution and the Northern Expedition's "Iron Army," he commanded the 19th Route Army's 1932 resistance to Japan at Shanghai, co-founded the anti-Chiang Fujian Rebellion of 1933, and later helped found the Beijing-aligned Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang (民革). In a rapid sequence of essays published in 1950–1953 in ''Xiandai Foxue'' (現代佛學), a journal whose publishing house he directed, Chen argued that a fully awakened Buddhist practitioner was thereby "unconditionally a hundred percent Marxist-Leninist," on the grounds that the bodhisattva's total self-abnegation for others was already, in substance, the stance of a revolutionary fighter. Despite this accommodation—and despite a private 1957 letter to Mao Zedong that praised Mao's proposed retirement from the state chairmanship while bluntly criticizing his temperament—Chen was purged as a "rightist" later that year and died in 1965, to be posthumously rehabilitated after the Cultural Revolution.		Chen Mingshu (陳銘樞/陈铭枢, courtesy name Zhenru 真如; 1889–1965) was a senior Nationalist general, provincial governor, and cabinet minister who became one of the most systematic of the twentieth-century [[China\|Chinese]] Buddhist-Marxist synthesizers. A veteran of the 1911 Revolution and the Northern Expedition's "Iron Army," he commanded the 19th Route Army's 1932 resistance to Japan at Shanghai, co-founded the anti-Chiang Fujian Rebellion of 1933, and later helped found the Beijing-aligned Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang (民革). In a rapid sequence of essays published in 1950–1953 in ''Xiandai Foxue'' (現代佛學), a journal whose publishing house he directed, Chen argued that a fully awakened Buddhist practitioner was thereby "unconditionally a hundred percent Marxist-Leninist," on the grounds that the bodhisattva's total self-abnegation for others was already, in substance, the stance of a revolutionary fighter. Despite this accommodation—and despite a private 1957 letter to Mao Zedong that praised Mao's proposed retirement from the state chairmanship while bluntly criticizing his temperament—Chen was purged as a "rightist" later that year and died in 1965, to be posthumously rehabilitated after the Cultural Revolution.

	== Biography ==		== Biography ==

Lajos: /* Secondary Literature in Chinese */

2026-07-25T03:56:30Z

Secondary Literature in Chinese

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	* Zhang Lifan 章立凡 (2007). 〈《陳銘樞上毛澤東書》讀後〉 [Reading "Chen Mingshu's Letter to Chairman Mao"]. 《隨筆》 (1): 74–83. {{annotation\|The most detailed and carefully footnoted account of the 1957 letter and its political context, including Mao's own later public references to it; also covers Chen's 1950 Buddhist correspondence with Mao and his 1952 defense of Liang Shuming. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20260725034832/https://zh.wenxuecity.com/blog/200710/22358/28563.html archived])}}		* Zhang Lifan 章立凡 (2007). 〈《陳銘樞上毛澤東書》讀後〉 [Reading "Chen Mingshu's Letter to Chairman Mao"]. 《隨筆》 (1): 74–83. {{annotation\|The most detailed and carefully footnoted account of the 1957 letter and its political context, including Mao's own later public references to it; also covers Chen's 1950 Buddhist correspondence with Mao and his 1952 defense of Liang Shuming. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20260725034832/https://zh.wenxuecity.com/blog/200710/22358/28563.html archived])}}
	* Li Guangliang 李廣良 (2001). 〈馬克思主義的佛教觀和佛教的馬克思主義觀〉 ['''[[LG01MVB-T\|The Marxist View of Buddhism and the Buddhist View of Marxism]]''']. 《佛學研究》 10. {{annotation\|The main secondary source for the content of Chen's dialectical-materialist Buddhist essays; situates him alongside other lay Buddhist-Marxist synthesizers of the period. Directly quotes Chen's self-description and six-part dialectical framework (see Ideas and Writings sections) and his "unconditionally a hundred percent Marxist-Leninist" formulation, and groups him with [[Wen Guangxi]] as the two lay writers who went furthest in building a genuinely new, synthetic Buddhist system rather than merely drawing analogies between the two. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20260725012243/https://www.fjdh.cn/wumin/2009/04/00044842526.html archived])}}		* Li Guangliang 李廣良 (2001). 〈馬克思主義的佛教觀和佛教的馬克思主義觀〉 ['''[[LG01MVB-T\|The Marxist View of Buddhism and the Buddhist View of Marxism]]''']. 《佛學研究》 10. {{annotation\|The main secondary source for the content of Chen's dialectical-materialist Buddhist essays; situates him alongside other lay Buddhist-Marxist synthesizers of the period. Directly quotes Chen's self-description and six-part dialectical framework (see Ideas and Writings sections) and his "unconditionally a hundred percent Marxist-Leninist" formulation, and groups him with [[Wen Guangxi]] as the two lay writers who went furthest in building a genuinely new, synthetic Buddhist system rather than merely drawing analogies between the two. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20260725012243/https://www.fjdh.cn/wumin/2009/04/00044842526.html archived])}}
	* San Mu 散木 (2001). 〈一九五七年前後的陳銘樞〉 [Chen Mingshu Around 1957]. 《博覽群書》 (2): 41–45. {{annotation\|Companion piece to the entry below; covers the 1950 Mao correspondence and Chen's Buddhist circle and institutional activities (founding the Buddhist Association of China, restoring Lingyin Temple). (https://web.archive.org/web/20260725035449/https://www.gmw.cn/02blqs/2001-02/07/07-6C6D57F1202D04AF48256AB60027CC47.htm archived])}}		* San Mu 散木 (2001). 〈一九五七年前後的陳銘樞〉 [Chen Mingshu Around 1957]. 《博覽群書》 (2): 41–45. {{annotation\|Companion piece to the entry below; covers the 1950 Mao correspondence and Chen's Buddhist circle and institutional activities (founding the Buddhist Association of China, restoring Lingyin Temple). ([https://web.archive.org/web/20260725035449/https://www.gmw.cn/02blqs/2001-02/07/07-6C6D57F1202D04AF48256AB60027CC47.htm archived])}}
	* Ye Yonglie 葉永烈 (2000). 《反右派始末》 [The Full Story of the Anti-Rightist Campaign]. Xining: Qinghai People's Publishing House. {{annotation\|Contains a dedicated section (pp. 391–396) reproducing 1957 denunciation-campaign material against Chen, including further excerpts of his letter to Mao not preserved elsewhere.}}		* Ye Yonglie 葉永烈 (2000). 《反右派始末》 [The Full Story of the Anti-Rightist Campaign]. Xining: Qinghai People's Publishing House. {{annotation\|Contains a dedicated section (pp. 391–396) reproducing 1957 denunciation-campaign material against Chen, including further excerpts of his letter to Mao not preserved elsewhere.}}

Lajos: /* Secondary Literature in Chinese */

2026-07-25T03:56:09Z

Secondary Literature in Chinese

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	* Zhang Lifan 章立凡 (2007). 〈《陳銘樞上毛澤東書》讀後〉 [Reading "Chen Mingshu's Letter to Chairman Mao"]. 《隨筆》 (1): 74–83. {{annotation\|The most detailed and carefully footnoted account of the 1957 letter and its political context, including Mao's own later public references to it; also covers Chen's 1950 Buddhist correspondence with Mao and his 1952 defense of Liang Shuming. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20260725034832/https://zh.wenxuecity.com/blog/200710/22358/28563.html archived])}}		* Zhang Lifan 章立凡 (2007). 〈《陳銘樞上毛澤東書》讀後〉 [Reading "Chen Mingshu's Letter to Chairman Mao"]. 《隨筆》 (1): 74–83. {{annotation\|The most detailed and carefully footnoted account of the 1957 letter and its political context, including Mao's own later public references to it; also covers Chen's 1950 Buddhist correspondence with Mao and his 1952 defense of Liang Shuming. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20260725034832/https://zh.wenxuecity.com/blog/200710/22358/28563.html archived])}}
	* Li Guangliang 李廣良 (2001). 〈馬克思主義的佛教觀和佛教的馬克思主義觀〉 ['''[[LG01MVB-T\|The Marxist View of Buddhism and the Buddhist View of Marxism]]''']. 《佛學研究》 10. {{annotation\|The main secondary source for the content of Chen's dialectical-materialist Buddhist essays; situates him alongside other lay Buddhist-Marxist synthesizers of the period. Directly quotes Chen's self-description and six-part dialectical framework (see Ideas and Writings sections) and his "unconditionally a hundred percent Marxist-Leninist" formulation, and groups him with [[Wen Guangxi]] as the two lay writers who went furthest in building a genuinely new, synthetic Buddhist system rather than merely drawing analogies between the two. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20260725012243/https://www.fjdh.cn/wumin/2009/04/00044842526.html archived])}}		* Li Guangliang 李廣良 (2001). 〈馬克思主義的佛教觀和佛教的馬克思主義觀〉 ['''[[LG01MVB-T\|The Marxist View of Buddhism and the Buddhist View of Marxism]]''']. 《佛學研究》 10. {{annotation\|The main secondary source for the content of Chen's dialectical-materialist Buddhist essays; situates him alongside other lay Buddhist-Marxist synthesizers of the period. Directly quotes Chen's self-description and six-part dialectical framework (see Ideas and Writings sections) and his "unconditionally a hundred percent Marxist-Leninist" formulation, and groups him with [[Wen Guangxi]] as the two lay writers who went furthest in building a genuinely new, synthetic Buddhist system rather than merely drawing analogies between the two. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20260725012243/https://www.fjdh.cn/wumin/2009/04/00044842526.html archived])}}
	* San Mu 散木 (2001). 〈一九五七年前後的陳銘樞〉 [Chen Mingshu Around 1957]. 《博覽群書》 (2): 41–45. {{annotation\|Companion piece to the entry below; covers the 1950 Mao correspondence and Chen's Buddhist circle and institutional activities (founding the Buddhist Association of China, restoring Lingyin Temple).}}		* San Mu 散木 (2001). 〈一九五七年前後的陳銘樞〉 [Chen Mingshu Around 1957]. 《博覽群書》 (2): 41–45. {{annotation\|Companion piece to the entry below; covers the 1950 Mao correspondence and Chen's Buddhist circle and institutional activities (founding the Buddhist Association of China, restoring Lingyin Temple). (https://web.archive.org/web/20260725035449/https://www.gmw.cn/02blqs/2001-02/07/07-6C6D57F1202D04AF48256AB60027CC47.htm archived])}}
	* Ye Yonglie 葉永烈 (2000). 《反右派始末》 [The Full Story of the Anti-Rightist Campaign]. Xining: Qinghai People's Publishing House. {{annotation\|Contains a dedicated section (pp. 391–396) reproducing 1957 denunciation-campaign material against Chen, including further excerpts of his letter to Mao not preserved elsewhere.}}		* Ye Yonglie 葉永烈 (2000). 《反右派始末》 [The Full Story of the Anti-Rightist Campaign]. Xining: Qinghai People's Publishing House. {{annotation\|Contains a dedicated section (pp. 391–396) reproducing 1957 denunciation-campaign material against Chen, including further excerpts of his letter to Mao not preserved elsewhere.}}

Lajos: /* Secondary Literature in Chinese */

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Secondary Literature in Chinese

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	* Zhang Lifan 章立凡 (2007). 〈《陳銘樞上毛澤東書》讀後〉 [Reading "Chen Mingshu's Letter to Chairman Mao"]. 《隨筆》 (1): 74–83. {{annotation\|The most detailed and carefully footnoted account of the 1957 letter and its political context, including Mao's own later public references to it; also covers Chen's 1950 Buddhist correspondence with Mao and his 1952 defense of Liang Shuming. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20260725034832/https://zh.wenxuecity.com/blog/200710/22358/28563.html archived])}}		* Zhang Lifan 章立凡 (2007). 〈《陳銘樞上毛澤東書》讀後〉 [Reading "Chen Mingshu's Letter to Chairman Mao"]. 《隨筆》 (1): 74–83. {{annotation\|The most detailed and carefully footnoted account of the 1957 letter and its political context, including Mao's own later public references to it; also covers Chen's 1950 Buddhist correspondence with Mao and his 1952 defense of Liang Shuming. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20260725034832/https://zh.wenxuecity.com/blog/200710/22358/28563.html archived])}}
	* Li Guangliang 李廣良 (2001). 〈馬克思主義的佛教觀和佛教的馬克思主義觀〉 ['''[[LG01MVB-T\|The Marxist View of Buddhism and the Buddhist View of Marxism]]''']. 《佛學研究》 10. {{annotation\|The main secondary source for the content of Chen's dialectical-materialist Buddhist essays; situates him alongside other lay Buddhist-Marxist synthesizers of the period. Directly quotes Chen's self-description and six-part dialectical framework (see Ideas and Writings sections) and his "unconditionally a hundred percent Marxist-Leninist" formulation, and groups him with [[Wen Guangxi]] as the two lay writers who went furthest in building a genuinely new, synthetic Buddhist system rather than merely drawing analogies between the two.}}		* Li Guangliang 李廣良 (2001). 〈馬克思主義的佛教觀和佛教的馬克思主義觀〉 ['''[[LG01MVB-T\|The Marxist View of Buddhism and the Buddhist View of Marxism]]''']. 《佛學研究》 10. {{annotation\|The main secondary source for the content of Chen's dialectical-materialist Buddhist essays; situates him alongside other lay Buddhist-Marxist synthesizers of the period. Directly quotes Chen's self-description and six-part dialectical framework (see Ideas and Writings sections) and his "unconditionally a hundred percent Marxist-Leninist" formulation, and groups him with [[Wen Guangxi]] as the two lay writers who went furthest in building a genuinely new, synthetic Buddhist system rather than merely drawing analogies between the two. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20260725012243/https://www.fjdh.cn/wumin/2009/04/00044842526.html archived])}}
	* San Mu 散木 (2001). 〈一九五七年前後的陳銘樞〉 [Chen Mingshu Around 1957]. 《博覽群書》 (2): 41–45. {{annotation\|Companion piece to the entry below; covers the 1950 Mao correspondence and Chen's Buddhist circle and institutional activities (founding the Buddhist Association of China, restoring Lingyin Temple).}}		* San Mu 散木 (2001). 〈一九五七年前後的陳銘樞〉 [Chen Mingshu Around 1957]. 《博覽群書》 (2): 41–45. {{annotation\|Companion piece to the entry below; covers the 1950 Mao correspondence and Chen's Buddhist circle and institutional activities (founding the Buddhist Association of China, restoring Lingyin Temple).}}
	* Ye Yonglie 葉永烈 (2000). 《反右派始末》 [The Full Story of the Anti-Rightist Campaign]. Xining: Qinghai People's Publishing House. {{annotation\|Contains a dedicated section (pp. 391–396) reproducing 1957 denunciation-campaign material against Chen, including further excerpts of his letter to Mao not preserved elsewhere.}}		* Ye Yonglie 葉永烈 (2000). 《反右派始末》 [The Full Story of the Anti-Rightist Campaign]. Xining: Qinghai People's Publishing House. {{annotation\|Contains a dedicated section (pp. 391–396) reproducing 1957 denunciation-campaign material against Chen, including further excerpts of his letter to Mao not preserved elsewhere.}}

Lajos: /* Secondary Literature in Chinese */

2026-07-25T03:52:19Z

Secondary Literature in Chinese

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	== Secondary Literature in Chinese ==		== Secondary Literature in Chinese ==

	* Zhang Lifan 章立凡 (2007). 〈《陳銘樞上毛澤東書》讀後〉 [Reading "Chen Mingshu's Letter to Chairman Mao"]. 《隨筆》 (1): 74–83. {{annotation\|The most detailed and carefully footnoted account of the 1957 letter and its political context, including Mao's own later public references to it; also covers Chen's 1950 Buddhist correspondence with Mao and his 1952 defense of Liang Shuming.}}		* Zhang Lifan 章立凡 (2007). 〈《陳銘樞上毛澤東書》讀後〉 [Reading "Chen Mingshu's Letter to Chairman Mao"]. 《隨筆》 (1): 74–83. {{annotation\|The most detailed and carefully footnoted account of the 1957 letter and its political context, including Mao's own later public references to it; also covers Chen's 1950 Buddhist correspondence with Mao and his 1952 defense of Liang Shuming. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20260725034832/https://zh.wenxuecity.com/blog/200710/22358/28563.html archived])}}
	* Li Guangliang 李廣良 (2001). 〈馬克思主義的佛教觀和佛教的馬克思主義觀〉 ['''[[LG01MVB-T\|The Marxist View of Buddhism and the Buddhist View of Marxism]]''']. 《佛學研究》 10. {{annotation\|The main secondary source for the content of Chen's dialectical-materialist Buddhist essays; situates him alongside other lay Buddhist-Marxist synthesizers of the period. Directly quotes Chen's self-description and six-part dialectical framework (see Ideas and Writings sections) and his "unconditionally a hundred percent Marxist-Leninist" formulation, and groups him with [[Wen Guangxi]] as the two lay writers who went furthest in building a genuinely new, synthetic Buddhist system rather than merely drawing analogies between the two.}}		* Li Guangliang 李廣良 (2001). 〈馬克思主義的佛教觀和佛教的馬克思主義觀〉 ['''[[LG01MVB-T\|The Marxist View of Buddhism and the Buddhist View of Marxism]]''']. 《佛學研究》 10. {{annotation\|The main secondary source for the content of Chen's dialectical-materialist Buddhist essays; situates him alongside other lay Buddhist-Marxist synthesizers of the period. Directly quotes Chen's self-description and six-part dialectical framework (see Ideas and Writings sections) and his "unconditionally a hundred percent Marxist-Leninist" formulation, and groups him with [[Wen Guangxi]] as the two lay writers who went furthest in building a genuinely new, synthetic Buddhist system rather than merely drawing analogies between the two.}}
	* San Mu 散木 (2001). 〈一九五七年前後的陳銘樞〉 [Chen Mingshu Around 1957]. 《博覽群書》 (2): 41–45. {{annotation\|Companion piece to the entry below; covers the 1950 Mao correspondence and Chen's Buddhist circle and institutional activities (founding the Buddhist Association of China, restoring Lingyin Temple).}}		* San Mu 散木 (2001). 〈一九五七年前後的陳銘樞〉 [Chen Mingshu Around 1957]. 《博覽群書》 (2): 41–45. {{annotation\|Companion piece to the entry below; covers the 1950 Mao correspondence and Chen's Buddhist circle and institutional activities (founding the Buddhist Association of China, restoring Lingyin Temple).}}

Lajos: /* Writings */

2026-07-25T03:47:08Z

Writings

Lajos: /* Secondary Literature in Chinese */

2026-07-25T01:51:18Z

Secondary Literature in Chinese

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	== Secondary Literature in Chinese ==		== Secondary Literature in Chinese ==

	* Zhang Lifan 章立凡 (2007). 〈《陳銘樞上毛澤東書》讀後〉 [Reading "Chen Mingshu's Letter to Chairman Mao"]. ~~''隨筆''~~ (1): 74–83. {{annotation\|The most detailed and carefully footnoted account of the 1957 letter and its political context, including Mao's own later public references to it; also covers Chen's 1950 Buddhist correspondence with Mao and his 1952 defense of Liang Shuming.}}		* Zhang Lifan 章立凡 (2007). 〈《陳銘樞上毛澤東書》讀後〉 [Reading "Chen Mingshu's Letter to Chairman Mao"]. 《隨筆》 (1): 74–83. {{annotation\|The most detailed and carefully footnoted account of the 1957 letter and its political context, including Mao's own later public references to it; also covers Chen's 1950 Buddhist correspondence with Mao and his 1952 defense of Liang Shuming.}}
	* Li Guangliang 李廣良 (2001). 〈馬克思主義的佛教觀和佛教的馬克思主義觀〉 ['''[[LG01MVB-T\|The Marxist View of Buddhism and the Buddhist View of Marxism]]''']. ~~''佛學研究''~~ 10. {{annotation\|The main secondary source for the content of Chen's dialectical-materialist Buddhist essays; situates him alongside other lay Buddhist-Marxist synthesizers of the period ~~(王小徐, 尤智表, 蘇淵雷, 溫光熹)~~. Directly quotes Chen's ~~法喜集~~ self-description and six-part dialectical framework (see Ideas and Writings sections) and his "unconditionally a hundred percent Marxist-Leninist" formulation, and groups him with [[Wen Guangxi]] as the two lay writers who went furthest in building a genuinely new, synthetic Buddhist system rather than merely drawing analogies between the two.}}		* Li Guangliang 李廣良 (2001). 〈馬克思主義的佛教觀和佛教的馬克思主義觀〉 ['''[[LG01MVB-T\|The Marxist View of Buddhism and the Buddhist View of Marxism]]''']. 《佛學研究》 10. {{annotation\|The main secondary source for the content of Chen's dialectical-materialist Buddhist essays; situates him alongside other lay Buddhist-Marxist synthesizers of the period. Directly quotes Chen's self-description and six-part dialectical framework (see Ideas and Writings sections) and his "unconditionally a hundred percent Marxist-Leninist" formulation, and groups him with [[Wen Guangxi]] as the two lay writers who went furthest in building a genuinely new, synthetic Buddhist system rather than merely drawing analogies between the two.}}
	* San Mu 散木 (2001). 〈一九五七年前後的陳銘樞〉 [Chen Mingshu Around 1957]. ~~''博覽群書''~~ (2): 41–45. {{annotation\|Companion piece to the entry below; covers the 1950 Mao correspondence and Chen's Buddhist circle and institutional activities (founding the Buddhist Association of China, restoring Lingyin Temple).}}		* San Mu 散木 (2001). 〈一九五七年前後的陳銘樞〉 [Chen Mingshu Around 1957]. 《博覽群書》 (2): 41–45. {{annotation\|Companion piece to the entry below; covers the 1950 Mao correspondence and Chen's Buddhist circle and institutional activities (founding the Buddhist Association of China, restoring Lingyin Temple).}}
	* Ye Yonglie 葉永烈 (2000). 《反右派始末》 [The Full Story of the Anti-Rightist Campaign]. Xining: Qinghai People's Publishing House. {{annotation\|Contains a dedicated section (pp. 391–396) reproducing 1957 denunciation-campaign material against Chen, including further excerpts of his letter to Mao not preserved elsewhere.}}		* Ye Yonglie 葉永烈 (2000). 《反右派始末》 [The Full Story of the Anti-Rightist Campaign]. Xining: Qinghai People's Publishing House. {{annotation\|Contains a dedicated section (pp. 391–396) reproducing 1957 denunciation-campaign material against Chen, including further excerpts of his letter to Mao not preserved elsewhere.}}

Lajos: /* Secondary Literature in Chinese */

2026-07-25T01:43:01Z

Secondary Literature in Chinese

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:43, 25 July 2026
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	* Zhang Lifan 章立凡 (2007). 〈《陳銘樞上毛澤東書》讀後〉 [Reading "Chen Mingshu's Letter to Chairman Mao"]. ''隨筆'' (1): 74–83. {{annotation\|The most detailed and carefully footnoted account of the 1957 letter and its political context, including Mao's own later public references to it; also covers Chen's 1950 Buddhist correspondence with Mao and his 1952 defense of Liang Shuming.}}		* Zhang Lifan 章立凡 (2007). 〈《陳銘樞上毛澤東書》讀後〉 [Reading "Chen Mingshu's Letter to Chairman Mao"]. ''隨筆'' (1): 74–83. {{annotation\|The most detailed and carefully footnoted account of the 1957 letter and its political context, including Mao's own later public references to it; also covers Chen's 1950 Buddhist correspondence with Mao and his 1952 defense of Liang Shuming.}}
	* Li Guangliang 李廣良 (2001). ~~〈馬克思主義的佛教觀和佛教的馬克思主義觀——馬克思主義與20世紀中國佛學概觀〉~~ [~~Marxism~~'s View of Buddhism and ~~Buddhism's~~ View of Marxism~~: An Overview of Marxism and 20th-Century Chinese Buddhist Studies~~]. ''佛學研究'' 10. {{annotation\|The main secondary source for the content of Chen's dialectical-materialist Buddhist essays; situates him alongside other lay Buddhist-Marxist synthesizers of the period (王小徐, 尤智表, 蘇淵雷, 溫光熹). Directly quotes Chen's 法喜集 self-description and six-part dialectical framework (see Ideas and Writings sections) and his "unconditionally a hundred percent Marxist-Leninist" formulation, and groups him with [[Wen Guangxi]] as the two lay writers who went furthest in building a genuinely new, synthetic Buddhist system rather than merely drawing analogies between the two.}}		* Li Guangliang 李廣良 (2001). 〈馬克思主義的佛教觀和佛教的馬克思主義觀〉 ['''[[LG01MVB-T\|The Marxist View of Buddhism and the Buddhist View of Marxism]]''']. ''佛學研究'' 10. {{annotation\|The main secondary source for the content of Chen's dialectical-materialist Buddhist essays; situates him alongside other lay Buddhist-Marxist synthesizers of the period (王小徐, 尤智表, 蘇淵雷, 溫光熹). Directly quotes Chen's 法喜集 self-description and six-part dialectical framework (see Ideas and Writings sections) and his "unconditionally a hundred percent Marxist-Leninist" formulation, and groups him with [[Wen Guangxi]] as the two lay writers who went furthest in building a genuinely new, synthetic Buddhist system rather than merely drawing analogies between the two.}}
	* San Mu 散木 (2001). 〈一九五七年前後的陳銘樞〉 [Chen Mingshu Around 1957]. ''博覽群書'' (2): 41–45. {{annotation\|Companion piece to the entry below; covers the 1950 Mao correspondence and Chen's Buddhist circle and institutional activities (founding the Buddhist Association of China, restoring Lingyin Temple).}}		* San Mu 散木 (2001). 〈一九五七年前後的陳銘樞〉 [Chen Mingshu Around 1957]. ''博覽群書'' (2): 41–45. {{annotation\|Companion piece to the entry below; covers the 1950 Mao correspondence and Chen's Buddhist circle and institutional activities (founding the Buddhist Association of China, restoring Lingyin Temple).}}
	* Ye Yonglie 葉永烈 (2000). 《反右派始末》 [The Full Story of the Anti-Rightist Campaign]. Xining: Qinghai People's Publishing House. {{annotation\|Contains a dedicated section (pp. 391–396) reproducing 1957 denunciation-campaign material against Chen, including further excerpts of his letter to Mao not preserved elsewhere.}}		* Ye Yonglie 葉永烈 (2000). 《反右派始末》 [The Full Story of the Anti-Rightist Campaign]. Xining: Qinghai People's Publishing House. {{annotation\|Contains a dedicated section (pp. 391–396) reproducing 1957 denunciation-campaign material against Chen, including further excerpts of his letter to Mao not preserved elsewhere.}}

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:56, 25 July 2026
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	* Zhang Lifan 章立凡 (2007). 〈《陳銘樞上毛澤東書》讀後〉 [Reading "Chen Mingshu's Letter to Chairman Mao"]. 《隨筆》 (1): 74–83. {{annotation\|The most detailed and carefully footnoted account of the 1957 letter and its political context, including Mao's own later public references to it; also covers Chen's 1950 Buddhist correspondence with Mao and his 1952 defense of Liang Shuming. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20260725034832/https://zh.wenxuecity.com/blog/200710/22358/28563.html archived])}}		* Zhang Lifan 章立凡 (2007). 〈《陳銘樞上毛澤東書》讀後〉 [Reading "Chen Mingshu's Letter to Chairman Mao"]. 《隨筆》 (1): 74–83. {{annotation\|The most detailed and carefully footnoted account of the 1957 letter and its political context, including Mao's own later public references to it; also covers Chen's 1950 Buddhist correspondence with Mao and his 1952 defense of Liang Shuming. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20260725034832/https://zh.wenxuecity.com/blog/200710/22358/28563.html archived])}}
	* Li Guangliang 李廣良 (2001). 〈馬克思主義的佛教觀和佛教的馬克思主義觀〉 ['''[[LG01MVB-T\|The Marxist View of Buddhism and the Buddhist View of Marxism]]''']. 《佛學研究》 10. {{annotation\|The main secondary source for the content of Chen's dialectical-materialist Buddhist essays; situates him alongside other lay Buddhist-Marxist synthesizers of the period. Directly quotes Chen's self-description and six-part dialectical framework (see Ideas and Writings sections) and his "unconditionally a hundred percent Marxist-Leninist" formulation, and groups him with [[Wen Guangxi]] as the two lay writers who went furthest in building a genuinely new, synthetic Buddhist system rather than merely drawing analogies between the two. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20260725012243/https://www.fjdh.cn/wumin/2009/04/00044842526.html archived])}}		* Li Guangliang 李廣良 (2001). 〈馬克思主義的佛教觀和佛教的馬克思主義觀〉 ['''[[LG01MVB-T\|The Marxist View of Buddhism and the Buddhist View of Marxism]]''']. 《佛學研究》 10. {{annotation\|The main secondary source for the content of Chen's dialectical-materialist Buddhist essays; situates him alongside other lay Buddhist-Marxist synthesizers of the period. Directly quotes Chen's self-description and six-part dialectical framework (see Ideas and Writings sections) and his "unconditionally a hundred percent Marxist-Leninist" formulation, and groups him with [[Wen Guangxi]] as the two lay writers who went furthest in building a genuinely new, synthetic Buddhist system rather than merely drawing analogies between the two. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20260725012243/https://www.fjdh.cn/wumin/2009/04/00044842526.html archived])}}
	* San Mu 散木 (2001). 〈一九五七年前後的陳銘樞〉 [Chen Mingshu Around 1957]. 《博覽群書》 (2): 41–45. {{annotation\|Companion piece to the entry below; covers the 1950 Mao correspondence and Chen's Buddhist circle and institutional activities (founding the Buddhist Association of China, restoring Lingyin Temple). (https://web.archive.org/web/20260725035449/https://www.gmw.cn/02blqs/2001-02/07/07-6C6D57F1202D04AF48256AB60027CC47.htm archived])}}		* San Mu 散木 (2001). 〈一九五七年前後的陳銘樞〉 [Chen Mingshu Around 1957]. 《博覽群書》 (2): 41–45. {{annotation\|Companion piece to the entry below; covers the 1950 Mao correspondence and Chen's Buddhist circle and institutional activities (founding the Buddhist Association of China, restoring Lingyin Temple). ([https://web.archive.org/web/20260725035449/https://www.gmw.cn/02blqs/2001-02/07/07-6C6D57F1202D04AF48256AB60027CC47.htm archived])}}
	* Ye Yonglie 葉永烈 (2000). 《反右派始末》 [The Full Story of the Anti-Rightist Campaign]. Xining: Qinghai People's Publishing House. {{annotation\|Contains a dedicated section (pp. 391–396) reproducing 1957 denunciation-campaign material against Chen, including further excerpts of his letter to Mao not preserved elsewhere.}}		* Ye Yonglie 葉永烈 (2000). 《反右派始末》 [The Full Story of the Anti-Rightist Campaign]. Xining: Qinghai People's Publishing House. {{annotation\|Contains a dedicated section (pp. 391–396) reproducing 1957 denunciation-campaign material against Chen, including further excerpts of his letter to Mao not preserved elsewhere.}}

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:56, 25 July 2026
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	* Zhang Lifan 章立凡 (2007). 〈《陳銘樞上毛澤東書》讀後〉 [Reading "Chen Mingshu's Letter to Chairman Mao"]. 《隨筆》 (1): 74–83. {{annotation\|The most detailed and carefully footnoted account of the 1957 letter and its political context, including Mao's own later public references to it; also covers Chen's 1950 Buddhist correspondence with Mao and his 1952 defense of Liang Shuming. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20260725034832/https://zh.wenxuecity.com/blog/200710/22358/28563.html archived])}}		* Zhang Lifan 章立凡 (2007). 〈《陳銘樞上毛澤東書》讀後〉 [Reading "Chen Mingshu's Letter to Chairman Mao"]. 《隨筆》 (1): 74–83. {{annotation\|The most detailed and carefully footnoted account of the 1957 letter and its political context, including Mao's own later public references to it; also covers Chen's 1950 Buddhist correspondence with Mao and his 1952 defense of Liang Shuming. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20260725034832/https://zh.wenxuecity.com/blog/200710/22358/28563.html archived])}}
	* Li Guangliang 李廣良 (2001). 〈馬克思主義的佛教觀和佛教的馬克思主義觀〉 ['''[[LG01MVB-T\|The Marxist View of Buddhism and the Buddhist View of Marxism]]''']. 《佛學研究》 10. {{annotation\|The main secondary source for the content of Chen's dialectical-materialist Buddhist essays; situates him alongside other lay Buddhist-Marxist synthesizers of the period. Directly quotes Chen's self-description and six-part dialectical framework (see Ideas and Writings sections) and his "unconditionally a hundred percent Marxist-Leninist" formulation, and groups him with [[Wen Guangxi]] as the two lay writers who went furthest in building a genuinely new, synthetic Buddhist system rather than merely drawing analogies between the two. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20260725012243/https://www.fjdh.cn/wumin/2009/04/00044842526.html archived])}}		* Li Guangliang 李廣良 (2001). 〈馬克思主義的佛教觀和佛教的馬克思主義觀〉 ['''[[LG01MVB-T\|The Marxist View of Buddhism and the Buddhist View of Marxism]]''']. 《佛學研究》 10. {{annotation\|The main secondary source for the content of Chen's dialectical-materialist Buddhist essays; situates him alongside other lay Buddhist-Marxist synthesizers of the period. Directly quotes Chen's self-description and six-part dialectical framework (see Ideas and Writings sections) and his "unconditionally a hundred percent Marxist-Leninist" formulation, and groups him with [[Wen Guangxi]] as the two lay writers who went furthest in building a genuinely new, synthetic Buddhist system rather than merely drawing analogies between the two. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20260725012243/https://www.fjdh.cn/wumin/2009/04/00044842526.html archived])}}
	* San Mu 散木 (2001). 〈一九五七年前後的陳銘樞〉 [Chen Mingshu Around 1957]. 《博覽群書》 (2): 41–45. {{annotation\|Companion piece to the entry below; covers the 1950 Mao correspondence and Chen's Buddhist circle and institutional activities (founding the Buddhist Association of China, restoring Lingyin Temple).}}		* San Mu 散木 (2001). 〈一九五七年前後的陳銘樞〉 [Chen Mingshu Around 1957]. 《博覽群書》 (2): 41–45. {{annotation\|Companion piece to the entry below; covers the 1950 Mao correspondence and Chen's Buddhist circle and institutional activities (founding the Buddhist Association of China, restoring Lingyin Temple). (https://web.archive.org/web/20260725035449/https://www.gmw.cn/02blqs/2001-02/07/07-6C6D57F1202D04AF48256AB60027CC47.htm archived])}}
	* Ye Yonglie 葉永烈 (2000). 《反右派始末》 [The Full Story of the Anti-Rightist Campaign]. Xining: Qinghai People's Publishing House. {{annotation\|Contains a dedicated section (pp. 391–396) reproducing 1957 denunciation-campaign material against Chen, including further excerpts of his letter to Mao not preserved elsewhere.}}		* Ye Yonglie 葉永烈 (2000). 《反右派始末》 [The Full Story of the Anti-Rightist Campaign]. Xining: Qinghai People's Publishing House. {{annotation\|Contains a dedicated section (pp. 391–396) reproducing 1957 denunciation-campaign material against Chen, including further excerpts of his letter to Mao not preserved elsewhere.}}

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:52, 25 July 2026
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	* Zhang Lifan 章立凡 (2007). 〈《陳銘樞上毛澤東書》讀後〉 [Reading "Chen Mingshu's Letter to Chairman Mao"]. 《隨筆》 (1): 74–83. {{annotation\|The most detailed and carefully footnoted account of the 1957 letter and its political context, including Mao's own later public references to it; also covers Chen's 1950 Buddhist correspondence with Mao and his 1952 defense of Liang Shuming. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20260725034832/https://zh.wenxuecity.com/blog/200710/22358/28563.html archived])}}		* Zhang Lifan 章立凡 (2007). 〈《陳銘樞上毛澤東書》讀後〉 [Reading "Chen Mingshu's Letter to Chairman Mao"]. 《隨筆》 (1): 74–83. {{annotation\|The most detailed and carefully footnoted account of the 1957 letter and its political context, including Mao's own later public references to it; also covers Chen's 1950 Buddhist correspondence with Mao and his 1952 defense of Liang Shuming. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20260725034832/https://zh.wenxuecity.com/blog/200710/22358/28563.html archived])}}
	* Li Guangliang 李廣良 (2001). 〈馬克思主義的佛教觀和佛教的馬克思主義觀〉 ['''[[LG01MVB-T\|The Marxist View of Buddhism and the Buddhist View of Marxism]]''']. 《佛學研究》 10. {{annotation\|The main secondary source for the content of Chen's dialectical-materialist Buddhist essays; situates him alongside other lay Buddhist-Marxist synthesizers of the period. Directly quotes Chen's self-description and six-part dialectical framework (see Ideas and Writings sections) and his "unconditionally a hundred percent Marxist-Leninist" formulation, and groups him with [[Wen Guangxi]] as the two lay writers who went furthest in building a genuinely new, synthetic Buddhist system rather than merely drawing analogies between the two.}}		* Li Guangliang 李廣良 (2001). 〈馬克思主義的佛教觀和佛教的馬克思主義觀〉 ['''[[LG01MVB-T\|The Marxist View of Buddhism and the Buddhist View of Marxism]]''']. 《佛學研究》 10. {{annotation\|The main secondary source for the content of Chen's dialectical-materialist Buddhist essays; situates him alongside other lay Buddhist-Marxist synthesizers of the period. Directly quotes Chen's self-description and six-part dialectical framework (see Ideas and Writings sections) and his "unconditionally a hundred percent Marxist-Leninist" formulation, and groups him with [[Wen Guangxi]] as the two lay writers who went furthest in building a genuinely new, synthetic Buddhist system rather than merely drawing analogies between the two. ([https://web.archive.org/web/20260725012243/https://www.fjdh.cn/wumin/2009/04/00044842526.html archived])}}
	* San Mu 散木 (2001). 〈一九五七年前後的陳銘樞〉 [Chen Mingshu Around 1957]. 《博覽群書》 (2): 41–45. {{annotation\|Companion piece to the entry below; covers the 1950 Mao correspondence and Chen's Buddhist circle and institutional activities (founding the Buddhist Association of China, restoring Lingyin Temple).}}		* San Mu 散木 (2001). 〈一九五七年前後的陳銘樞〉 [Chen Mingshu Around 1957]. 《博覽群書》 (2): 41–45. {{annotation\|Companion piece to the entry below; covers the 1950 Mao correspondence and Chen's Buddhist circle and institutional activities (founding the Buddhist Association of China, restoring Lingyin Temple).}}
	* Ye Yonglie 葉永烈 (2000). 《反右派始末》 [The Full Story of the Anti-Rightist Campaign]. Xining: Qinghai People's Publishing House. {{annotation\|Contains a dedicated section (pp. 391–396) reproducing 1957 denunciation-campaign material against Chen, including further excerpts of his letter to Mao not preserved elsewhere.}}		* Ye Yonglie 葉永烈 (2000). 《反右派始末》 [The Full Story of the Anti-Rightist Campaign]. Xining: Qinghai People's Publishing House. {{annotation\|Contains a dedicated section (pp. 391–396) reproducing 1957 denunciation-campaign material against Chen, including further excerpts of his letter to Mao not preserved elsewhere.}}

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:51, 25 July 2026
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	== Secondary Literature in Chinese ==		== Secondary Literature in Chinese ==

	* Zhang Lifan 章立凡 (2007). 〈《陳銘樞上毛澤東書》讀後〉 [Reading "Chen Mingshu's Letter to Chairman Mao"]. ~~''隨筆''~~ (1): 74–83. {{annotation\|The most detailed and carefully footnoted account of the 1957 letter and its political context, including Mao's own later public references to it; also covers Chen's 1950 Buddhist correspondence with Mao and his 1952 defense of Liang Shuming.}}		* Zhang Lifan 章立凡 (2007). 〈《陳銘樞上毛澤東書》讀後〉 [Reading "Chen Mingshu's Letter to Chairman Mao"]. 《隨筆》 (1): 74–83. {{annotation\|The most detailed and carefully footnoted account of the 1957 letter and its political context, including Mao's own later public references to it; also covers Chen's 1950 Buddhist correspondence with Mao and his 1952 defense of Liang Shuming.}}
	* Li Guangliang 李廣良 (2001). 〈馬克思主義的佛教觀和佛教的馬克思主義觀〉 ['''[[LG01MVB-T\|The Marxist View of Buddhism and the Buddhist View of Marxism]]''']. ~~''佛學研究''~~ 10. {{annotation\|The main secondary source for the content of Chen's dialectical-materialist Buddhist essays; situates him alongside other lay Buddhist-Marxist synthesizers of the period ~~(王小徐, 尤智表, 蘇淵雷, 溫光熹)~~. Directly quotes Chen's ~~法喜集~~ self-description and six-part dialectical framework (see Ideas and Writings sections) and his "unconditionally a hundred percent Marxist-Leninist" formulation, and groups him with [[Wen Guangxi]] as the two lay writers who went furthest in building a genuinely new, synthetic Buddhist system rather than merely drawing analogies between the two.}}		* Li Guangliang 李廣良 (2001). 〈馬克思主義的佛教觀和佛教的馬克思主義觀〉 ['''[[LG01MVB-T\|The Marxist View of Buddhism and the Buddhist View of Marxism]]''']. 《佛學研究》 10. {{annotation\|The main secondary source for the content of Chen's dialectical-materialist Buddhist essays; situates him alongside other lay Buddhist-Marxist synthesizers of the period. Directly quotes Chen's self-description and six-part dialectical framework (see Ideas and Writings sections) and his "unconditionally a hundred percent Marxist-Leninist" formulation, and groups him with [[Wen Guangxi]] as the two lay writers who went furthest in building a genuinely new, synthetic Buddhist system rather than merely drawing analogies between the two.}}
	* San Mu 散木 (2001). 〈一九五七年前後的陳銘樞〉 [Chen Mingshu Around 1957]. ~~''博覽群書''~~ (2): 41–45. {{annotation\|Companion piece to the entry below; covers the 1950 Mao correspondence and Chen's Buddhist circle and institutional activities (founding the Buddhist Association of China, restoring Lingyin Temple).}}		* San Mu 散木 (2001). 〈一九五七年前後的陳銘樞〉 [Chen Mingshu Around 1957]. 《博覽群書》 (2): 41–45. {{annotation\|Companion piece to the entry below; covers the 1950 Mao correspondence and Chen's Buddhist circle and institutional activities (founding the Buddhist Association of China, restoring Lingyin Temple).}}
	* Ye Yonglie 葉永烈 (2000). 《反右派始末》 [The Full Story of the Anti-Rightist Campaign]. Xining: Qinghai People's Publishing House. {{annotation\|Contains a dedicated section (pp. 391–396) reproducing 1957 denunciation-campaign material against Chen, including further excerpts of his letter to Mao not preserved elsewhere.}}		* Ye Yonglie 葉永烈 (2000). 《反右派始末》 [The Full Story of the Anti-Rightist Campaign]. Xining: Qinghai People's Publishing House. {{annotation\|Contains a dedicated section (pp. 391–396) reproducing 1957 denunciation-campaign material against Chen, including further excerpts of his letter to Mao not preserved elsewhere.}}

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:43, 25 July 2026
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	* Zhang Lifan 章立凡 (2007). 〈《陳銘樞上毛澤東書》讀後〉 [Reading "Chen Mingshu's Letter to Chairman Mao"]. ''隨筆'' (1): 74–83. {{annotation\|The most detailed and carefully footnoted account of the 1957 letter and its political context, including Mao's own later public references to it; also covers Chen's 1950 Buddhist correspondence with Mao and his 1952 defense of Liang Shuming.}}		* Zhang Lifan 章立凡 (2007). 〈《陳銘樞上毛澤東書》讀後〉 [Reading "Chen Mingshu's Letter to Chairman Mao"]. ''隨筆'' (1): 74–83. {{annotation\|The most detailed and carefully footnoted account of the 1957 letter and its political context, including Mao's own later public references to it; also covers Chen's 1950 Buddhist correspondence with Mao and his 1952 defense of Liang Shuming.}}
	* Li Guangliang 李廣良 (2001). ~~〈馬克思主義的佛教觀和佛教的馬克思主義觀——馬克思主義與20世紀中國佛學概觀〉~~ [~~Marxism~~'s View of Buddhism and ~~Buddhism's~~ View of Marxism~~: An Overview of Marxism and 20th-Century Chinese Buddhist Studies~~]. ''佛學研究'' 10. {{annotation\|The main secondary source for the content of Chen's dialectical-materialist Buddhist essays; situates him alongside other lay Buddhist-Marxist synthesizers of the period (王小徐, 尤智表, 蘇淵雷, 溫光熹). Directly quotes Chen's 法喜集 self-description and six-part dialectical framework (see Ideas and Writings sections) and his "unconditionally a hundred percent Marxist-Leninist" formulation, and groups him with [[Wen Guangxi]] as the two lay writers who went furthest in building a genuinely new, synthetic Buddhist system rather than merely drawing analogies between the two.}}		* Li Guangliang 李廣良 (2001). 〈馬克思主義的佛教觀和佛教的馬克思主義觀〉 ['''[[LG01MVB-T\|The Marxist View of Buddhism and the Buddhist View of Marxism]]''']. ''佛學研究'' 10. {{annotation\|The main secondary source for the content of Chen's dialectical-materialist Buddhist essays; situates him alongside other lay Buddhist-Marxist synthesizers of the period (王小徐, 尤智表, 蘇淵雷, 溫光熹). Directly quotes Chen's 法喜集 self-description and six-part dialectical framework (see Ideas and Writings sections) and his "unconditionally a hundred percent Marxist-Leninist" formulation, and groups him with [[Wen Guangxi]] as the two lay writers who went furthest in building a genuinely new, synthetic Buddhist system rather than merely drawing analogies between the two.}}
	* San Mu 散木 (2001). 〈一九五七年前後的陳銘樞〉 [Chen Mingshu Around 1957]. ''博覽群書'' (2): 41–45. {{annotation\|Companion piece to the entry below; covers the 1950 Mao correspondence and Chen's Buddhist circle and institutional activities (founding the Buddhist Association of China, restoring Lingyin Temple).}}		* San Mu 散木 (2001). 〈一九五七年前後的陳銘樞〉 [Chen Mingshu Around 1957]. ''博覽群書'' (2): 41–45. {{annotation\|Companion piece to the entry below; covers the 1950 Mao correspondence and Chen's Buddhist circle and institutional activities (founding the Buddhist Association of China, restoring Lingyin Temple).}}
	* Ye Yonglie 葉永烈 (2000). 《反右派始末》 [The Full Story of the Anti-Rightist Campaign]. Xining: Qinghai People's Publishing House. {{annotation\|Contains a dedicated section (pp. 391–396) reproducing 1957 denunciation-campaign material against Chen, including further excerpts of his letter to Mao not preserved elsewhere.}}		* Ye Yonglie 葉永烈 (2000). 《反右派始末》 [The Full Story of the Anti-Rightist Campaign]. Xining: Qinghai People's Publishing House. {{annotation\|Contains a dedicated section (pp. 391–396) reproducing 1957 denunciation-campaign material against Chen, including further excerpts of his letter to Mao not preserved elsewhere.}}

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:47, 25 July 2026
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	== Writings ==		== Writings ==

	{{Gray Banner\|Chen's most important writings were published in the journal ''Xiandai Foxue~~'' (現代佛學~~). None of the issues of this journal are available to us right now. If and when these become available, this section (as well as the "Ideas" section) will be updated.}}		{{Gray Banner\|Chen's most important writings were published in the journal 《現代佛學》 (Xiandai Foxue). None of the issues of this journal are available to us right now. If and when these become available, this section (as well as the "Ideas" section) will be updated.}}
	* ~~最近佛教之弓蛇：陳李二軍長通電~~ [The Recent "Bow-and-Snake" Affair in Buddhism: A Circular Telegram from Generals Chen and Li]. ~~''海潮音'', 1928.05~~. {{annotation\|Co-signed with Li Jishen; an early instance of institutional Buddhist activism, protecting temples from military requisition.}}		* (1928.05). 〈最近佛教之弓蛇：陳李二軍長通電〉 [The Recent "Bow-and-Snake" Affair in Buddhism: A Circular Telegram from Generals Chen and Li]. 《海潮音》. {{annotation\|Co-signed with Li Jishen; an early instance of institutional Buddhist activism, protecting temples from military requisition.}}
	* ~~南川遊化特輯：我的佛教觀~~ [My View of Buddhism]. ~~''海潮音''~~ 20.12: 535–36~~, 1939.12~~. {{annotation\|Lecture at the Nanchuan Buddhist Study Society; a pre-Marxist statement of Chen's Buddhism, defending the faith's compatibility with wartime resistance and criticizing both clerical corruption and the vogue for Tibetan Esoteric shortcuts; useful as a baseline against which to read his later dialectical-materialist essays.}}		* (1939.12). 〈南川遊化特輯：我的佛教觀〉 [My View of Buddhism]. 《海潮音》 20.12: 535–36. {{annotation\|Lecture at the Nanchuan Buddhist Study Society; a pre-Marxist statement of Chen's Buddhism, defending the faith's compatibility with wartime resistance and criticizing both clerical corruption and the vogue for Tibetan Esoteric shortcuts; useful as a baseline against which to read his later dialectical-materialist essays.}}
	* ~~哲學與佛法一瞥~~ [A Glimpse into Philosophy and the Buddhadharma]. ~~''覺群報''~~ no. 53 (undated; internally dated to 1947 via a reference to Zhang Dongsun's ~~''Thought and Society''~~, 1946), p. 4. {{annotation\|A direct engagement with the idealism/materialism (唯心論/唯物論) dispute, arguing Mahāyāna Buddhism resolves it by abandoning the subject-object framework altogether.}}		* (1947). 〈哲學與佛法一瞥〉 [A Glimpse into Philosophy and the Buddhadharma]. 《覺群報》 no. 53 (undated; internally dated to 1947 via a reference to Zhang Dongsun's 《思想與社會》, 1946), p. 4. {{annotation\|A direct engagement with the idealism/materialism (唯心論/唯物論) dispute, arguing Mahāyāna Buddhism resolves it by abandoning the subject-object framework altogether.}}
	* ~~中國哲學思想與佛法一瞥 [~~A Glimpse into Chinese Philosophical Thought and Buddhism]. ~~''文教叢刊''~~ 1.1 (n.d.): 4–6. {{annotation\|Record of a November 15, 1944 lecture at the China Inner Studies Institute (支那內學院); source of the "trinity" self-description and the Confucian/Daoist metaphysical comparison discussed in the "Ideas" section.}}		* (1944). 〈中國哲學思想與佛法一瞥〉 [A Glimpse into Chinese Philosophical Thought and Buddhism]. 《文教叢刊》 1.1 (n.d.): 4–6. {{annotation\|Record of a November 15, 1944 lecture at the China Inner Studies Institute (支那內學院); source of the "trinity" self-description and the Confucian/Daoist metaphysical comparison discussed in the "Ideas" section.}}
	* ~~禪學活的義路序~~ [Preface to "The Living Path of Meaning in Chan Studies"]. ~~''文教叢刊''~~ 1: 65–68. {{annotation\|Chen's preface to another author's Chan-studies work, with an afterword by Wang Enyang 王恩洋, the Yogācāra scholar.}}		* (1944). 〈禪學活的義路序〉 [Preface to "The Living Path of Meaning in Chan Studies"]. 《文教叢刊》 1: 65–68. {{annotation\|Chen's preface to another author's Chan-studies work, with an afterword by Wang Enyang 王恩洋, the Yogācāra scholar.}}
	* 禪宗 [The Chan School]. ~~''覺有情''~~ 9.6 ~~(June 1948):~~ 434–36. {{annotation\|Chapter 8 of Chen's book ''Ten Lectures on Buddhism~~'' (佛學十講~~), serialized here in advance of the book itself; glosses the Linji "three mysteries" doctrine as equivalent to a "modern philosophy" thesis–antithesis–synthesis triad—see Ideas section.}}		* (1948.06). 〈禪宗〉 [The Chan School]. 《覺有情》 9.6: 434–36. {{annotation\|Chapter 8 of Chen's book 《佛學十講》 (Ten Lectures on Buddhism), serialized here in advance of the book itself; glosses the Linji "three mysteries" doctrine as equivalent to a "modern philosophy" thesis–antithesis–synthesis triad—see Ideas section.}}
	* ~~堅持佛徒崗位~~ [Holding the Buddhist's Post]. ~~''海潮音'', 1944.12~~.		* (1944.12). 〈堅持佛徒崗位〉 [Holding the Buddhist's Post]. 《海潮音》.
	* ~~佛學十講自序 [~~Author's Preface to Ten Lectures on Buddhism]. ~~''覺有情'', 1948.07~~. {{annotation\|Preface to a lecture series delivered in May 1948 at National Guizhou University at the request of the Marxist-trained historian Hu Ziying; states Chen had studied Buddhism for 36 years. 禪宗, above, is Chapter 8 of this same book, serialized the previous month.}}		* (1948.07). 〈佛學十講自序〉 [Author's Preface to Ten Lectures on Buddhism]. 《覺有情》. {{annotation\|Preface to a lecture series delivered in May 1948 at National Guizhou University at the request of the Marxist-trained historian Hu Ziying; states Chen had studied Buddhism for 36 years. 〈禪宗〉, above, is Chapter 8 of this same book, serialized the previous month.}}
	* ~~我的佛法觀~~ [My View of the Buddhadharma]. ~~''弘化月刊'', 1949.01~~.		* (1949.01). 〈我的佛法觀〉 [My View of the Buddhadharma]. 《弘化月刊》.
	* ~~陳銘樞先生致毛主席論佛法書~~ [Mr. Chen Mingshu's Letter to Chairman Mao on the Buddhadharma]. ~~''覺訊月刊''~~ 3(8): 2–3~~, 1949.08~~. {{annotation\|Ten numbered theses arguing Buddhism and dialectical materialism are compatible; see "Ideas" section.}}		* (1949.08). 〈陳銘樞先生致毛主席論佛法書〉 [Mr. Chen Mingshu's Letter to Chairman Mao on the Buddhadharma]. 《覺訊月刊》 3(8): 2–3. {{annotation\|Ten numbered theses arguing Buddhism and dialectical materialism are compatible; see "Ideas" section.}}
	* ~~現代佛學社緣起~~ [Origins of the Modern Buddhist Society]. ~~''覺有情'' 11~~.8: 23~~, 1950.08.31~~. {{annotation\|Founding manifesto of the publishing house behind ~~''Xiandai Foxue''~~, directly corroborating Xue Yu's (2009) institutional account. The sixteen listed founders are 巨贊, 李濟深, 陳銘樞, 趙樸初, 喜饒嘉措, 謝無量, 林志鈞, 葉恭綽, 張釛, 李一平, 方子藩, 周楓, 廣法, 李明揚, 沙彥濤, and 陳蓮生 — independently confirming Juzan's (巨贊) co-founding role, per Xue Yu (2009).}}		* (1950.08.31). 〈現代佛學社緣起〉 [Origins of the Modern Buddhist Society]. 《覺有情》 11.8: 23. {{annotation\|Founding manifesto of the publishing house behind 《現代佛學》, directly corroborating Xue Yu's (2009) institutional account. The sixteen listed founders are 巨贊, 李濟深, 陳銘樞, 趙樸初, 喜饒嘉措, 謝無量, 林志鈞, 葉恭綽, 張釛, 李一平, 方子藩, 周楓, 廣法, 李明揚, 沙彥濤, and 陳蓮生 — independently confirming Juzan's (巨贊) co-founding role, per Xue Yu (2009).}}
	* ~~佛學的新義自序~~ [Preface to the New Meaning of Buddhist Studies]. ~~''弘化月刊'',~~ 1950.12.		* (1950.12). 〈佛學的新義自序〉 [Preface to the New Meaning of Buddhist Studies]. 《弘化月刊》.
	* 佛學的要義和研究它的方法與實踐它的規律（上）（下） [The Essential Meaning of Buddhist Studies and the Method of Researching and the Rule of Practicing It]. ~~''現代佛學''~~, 1950.09.15 / 1950.10.15.		* (1950.09.15). 〈佛學的要義和研究它的方法與實踐它的規律（上）（下）〉 [The Essential Meaning of Buddhist Studies and the Method of Researching and the Rule of Practicing It]. 《現代佛學》, 1950.09.15 / 1950.10.15.
	* ~~法喜集~~ [Dharma-Joy Collection] (recurring column). ~~''現代佛學'' 1~~.3~~, 1950.11.15~~ (co-signed with geologist Li Siguang); ~~''現代佛學''~~, 1951.04.15 (co-signed with Xiao Fusi). {{annotation\|In the first installment, Chen described himself as an advocate of studying Buddhism through the methodology of dialectical materialism, and set out a six-part dialectical reading of Buddhist doctrine — see "Ideas" section, sourced via Li Guangliang (2001), who quotes this piece directly; the original issue itself has not yet been independently obtained.}}		* (1950.11.15). 〈法喜集〉 [Dharma-Joy Collection] (recurring column). 《現代佛學》 1.3 (co-signed with geologist Li Siguang); 《現代佛學》, 1951.04.15 (co-signed with Xiao Fusi). {{annotation\|In the first installment, Chen described himself as an advocate of studying Buddhism through the methodology of dialectical materialism, and set out a six-part dialectical reading of Buddhist doctrine — see "Ideas" section, sourced via Li Guangliang (2001), who quotes this piece directly; the original issue itself has not yet been independently obtained.}}
	* ~~世間相的認識和人生實踐的真諦~~ [Understanding Worldly Appearances and the True Meaning of Life's Practice]. ~~''現代佛學'', 1951.01.15 (reprinted~~ in ~~''普門學報''~~, 2009).		* (1951.01.15). 〈世間相的認識 and 人生實踐的真諦〉 [Understanding Worldly Appearances and the True Meaning of Life's Practice]. 《現代佛學》 (reprinted in 《普門學報》, 2009).
	* ~~研究佛法的方法~~ [Methods for Studying the Buddhadharma]. {{annotation\|This text is listed in some sources as written by Chen and published in ~~''淨宗月刊''~~, 1951.03. However, it has not been found in that issue of that journal, nor in any other available issue from that journal.}}		* (1951.03). 〈研究佛法的方法〉 [Methods for Studying the Buddhadharma]. {{annotation\|This text is listed in some sources as written by Chen and published in 《淨宗月刊》, 1951.03. However, it has not been found in that issue of that journal, nor in any other available issue from that journal.}}
	* ~~我的禪觀~~ [My View of Chan]. ~~''現代佛學'',~~ 1951.04.15.		* (1951.04.15). 〈我的禪觀〉 [My View of Chan]. 《現代佛學》.
	* 佛教徒當前任務與展望 [The Present Tasks and Prospects of Buddhists]. ~~''現代佛學'',~~ 1951.06.15.		* (1951.06.15). 〈佛教徒當前任務與展望〉 [The Present Tasks and Prospects of Buddhists]. 《現代佛學》.
	* 對現代佛學的新希望 [New Hopes for Modern Buddhist Studies]. ~~''現代佛學'',~~ 1951.07.15.		* (1951.07.15). 〈對現代佛學的新希望〉 [New Hopes for Modern Buddhist Studies]. 《現代佛學》.
	* 用唯物辯證法來分析佛學理論體系 [Using Dialectical Materialism to Analyze the Theoretical System of Buddhist Studies]. ~~''現代佛學'',~~ 1951.08.15.		* (1951.08.15). 〈用唯物辯證法來分析佛學理論體系〉 [Using Dialectical Materialism to Analyze the Theoretical System of Buddhist Studies]. 《現代佛學》.
	* 論佛家實踐的兩種絕對義 [On Two Absolute Meanings of Buddhist Practice]. ~~''現代佛學'',~~ 1951.09.15.		* (1951.09.15). 〈論佛家實踐的兩種絕對義〉 [On Two Absolute Meanings of Buddhist Practice]. 《現代佛學》.
	* 談自我教育 [On Self-Education]. ~~''現代佛學'', 1951~~.12.15.		* (1951.12.15). 〈談自我教育〉 [On Self-Education]. 《現代佛學》.
	* 結合「批判儒家思想」的自我檢討 [Self-Criticism Combined with "Critiquing Confucian Thought"]. ~~''現代佛學'', 1952.06.15~~. {{annotation\|A thought-reform self-criticism document.}}		* (1952.06.15). 〈結合「批判儒家思想」的自我檢討〉 [Self-Criticism Combined with "Critiquing Confucian Thought"]. 《現代佛學》. {{annotation\|A thought-reform self-criticism document.}}
	* ~~論主觀主義與主觀能動性~~ [On Subjectivism and Subjective Initiative]. ~~''現代佛學'', 1952.08.15~~. {{annotation\|Engages directly with Mao's own vocabulary of "subjective initiative" from "On Practice" and "On Contradiction."}}		* (1952.08.15). 〈論主觀主義與主觀能動性〉 [On Subjectivism and Subjective Initiative]. 《現代佛學》. {{annotation\|Engages directly with Mao's own vocabulary of "subjective initiative" from "On Practice" and "On Contradiction."}}
	* ~~中蘇友好，世界和平為實現人間極樂世界而奮鬥~~ [Sino-Soviet Friendship and World Peace: Striving to Realize a Pure Land on Earth]. ~~''現代佛學'', 1952~~.12.15.		* (1952.12.15). 〈中蘇友好，世界和平為實現人間極樂世界而奮鬥〉 [Sino-Soviet Friendship and World Peace: Striving to Realize a Pure Land on Earth]. 《現代佛學》.
	* 迎接中國佛教協會成立會勝利召開 [Welcoming the Successful Convening of the Founding Meeting of the Buddhist Association of China]. ~~''現代佛學'',~~ 1953.05.15.		* (1953.05.15). 〈迎接中國佛教協會成立會勝利召開〉 [Welcoming the Successful Convening of the Founding Meeting of the Buddhist Association of China]. 《現代佛學》.
	* 愛國主義與現代佛學 [Patriotism and Modern Buddhist Studies]. ~~''現代佛學'',~~ 1953.~~07.15~~.		* (1953.07.15). 〈愛國主義與現代佛學〉 [Patriotism and Modern Buddhist Studies]. 《現代佛學》.
	* 《現代佛學》的過去和將來 [The Past and Future of ''Xiandai Foxue'']. ~~''現代佛學'', 1953~~.04.		* (1953.04). 〈《現代佛學》的過去和將來〉 [The Past and Future of Xiandai Foxue]. 《現代佛學》.
	* 論惠能六祖禪 [On the Chan of the Sixth Patriarch Huineng]. ~~''現代佛學'', 1957.03.13~~. {{annotation\|Chen's last known publication, appearing just before the Anti-Rightist purge.}}		* (1957.03.13). 〈論惠能六祖禪〉 [On the Chan of the Sixth Patriarch Huineng]. 《現代佛學》. {{annotation\|Chen's last known publication, appearing just before the Anti-Rightist purge.}}
	* "神州國光社"~~後半部史略~~ [A Brief History of the Latter Half of the Shenzhou Guoguang Press]. ~~''文史資料選輯''~~ (CPPCC National Committee). {{annotation\|Chen's own retrospective account of the press he financed and directed from 1930; a condensed version of the material in Chapter 8 of his memoir.}}		* (1957). 〈"神州國光社"後半部史略〉 [A Brief History of the Latter Half of the Shenzhou Guoguang Press]. 《文史資料選輯》 (CPPCC National Committee). {{annotation\|Chen's own retrospective account of the press he financed and directed from 1930; a condensed version of the material in Chapter 8 of his memoir.}}

	== Secondary Literature in English ==		== Secondary Literature in English ==